Sectional grinding wheel



1',582,608 E. R. HYDE SECTIONAL GRINDING WHEEL Filed April 28, 1924 2 Sheets-Sheet l I l M April 27 1926;

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E. R. HYDE SECTIONAL GRI NDING WHEEL Filed April 28, 1924 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 mav be adjusted radially of the wheel an Patented Apr. 27, 1926. i

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SAFETY EMERY WHEEL COM PANY, INCORPORATED, 0F BBIDGEPORT, CONNECTI- OUT, A CORPORATION OF CONNECTICUT.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, citizen of the United Bridgeport, county of Connecticut, h Sectional Grinding ave inven This invention relat chines and especially to therefor. It has for an 0 g wheel, especially of the type where the periphery-is used as "the grinding surface in which the proper surface speed may grindin be .i'naintained' as the -without increasing the the wheel.

It is also an object of vide a wheel of this .type which may be maintained atsubstantially the same diameter. It is a further object of the invention to provide a grinding wheel which may renewed without removing the wheel shaft or spindle from the ma renewed andplaced a shorter time and with less exp is a still further object of the invention to provide a grinding wh smal wasted, which wheel ca cally any diameter desired, and will operate "much more economicallyfand eificiently than the wheels now generally e \Vith these and other 0 'have devised theconstruction illustrated in the accompanying drawings forming a part In order to carry out of this specification.

the functions express jects enumerated I ma rality of indepen terial and so mount th secured in adjusted positions.

In these drawings,

Fig. 1 is an end e plied thereto. Fig. 2 is a Fig. 3 i

Fig. 4 is a partiale Wheel '(Case A), of

which the following is a. specification.

in grinding condition in l part of the grinding material is ke the wheel of a pludent blocks of grinding malevation Loi a grinding machine "showing my 1 front elevation thereof.

s a side elevation of a portion of r the wheel with portions broken away to more clearly show the c SECTIONAL' GRINDING WHEEL.

Application filed April 28, 1924. Serial No. 709,446.

partial section through the wheel, the sec- ELWIN'R. HYDE, a tion..being on an enlarged scale to more States, residing at clearly show the construction; Fairfield, State of Fig. 5 is a side elevation of a portion of ted anew and useful the wheel illustrating how practically the entire block may be utilized.

Fig. 6 is a side elevation of the block removed from the wheel, and

Fig. 7 is'a View looking from the outer end thereof. 1n grinding wheels as at present employed made in one piece only a certain portion of the wheel may be used for grinding purposes because after it is worn down the surface speed may be maintained only by increasing the rate of rotation of the wheel and this can be practically done only to a certain limit. It then becomes necessary to discard the wheel, which comprises a large block of the center of the original wheel, and mount a new wheel in the machine. This obviously requires waste of alarge. amount of. grinding material. Furthermore, in large wheels it is difiicult to make them sufiiciently strong to resist the centrifugal forces involved in rapid rotation of the wheel, and in artificial wheels due to the large mass involved in a wheel made in one piece it is difiicult to secure a wheel of uniform hardness because of .the difiiculty of uniform heating throughout the mass in the burning operation, and due to this non-uniform heating a large percent-v age of the wheels are broken in the kiln and are thus entirely useless. Also in the use of solid wheels they. are usually mounted on a shaft by means of plates clamped to the outer sides thereof adjacent the centers so that thewheel is held only near the center and at considerable distance from the grind-- 1 ing surface.

Furthermore, when a solid wheel is used, in renewing it the entire wheel, including the shaft or spindle on which it is mounted, must be removed from the machine, a new wheel applied to the shaft and then remounted in the machine. The aligning of this shaft-and the 'wheel is a delicate operation which requires considerable time, and especially is. this true where ball. or roller- 1 onstruction. bearings are empl'oyedgeas is now common dge elevation and a practice. 7

es to grinding mathe grinding wheels bject to provide a wheel wears, down speed of rotation of theinvention to prochine and so may be ense, and it eel in whic' a very n' be built of practimployed;

bjects in view I.

and secure the obese blocks that they mproved wheel ap- To obviate these difiiculties I construct the wheel of a plurality of independent blocks of grinding material, the mass of any individual block being relatively small, and so mount these blocks that they may be adjusted radially of the wheel and secured in adjusted positions.

In Fi s. 1 and 2, I have shown in outline a desira le form of mounting for grinding wheels comprising a base or pedestal 10 carrying suitable bearings 11 for the shaft or spindle 12 carr ing the grinding wheel indicated as a who e at 13. As is the usual construction there is a hearing at each side of the wheel and these bearings may be either plain or of the ball or roller type, and are usually provided with caps 14 so that by removing these caps the wheel and shaft may be lifted vertically from the machine. In the present illustration the wheel is driven by an electric motor 15 mounted on the base and haying driving connection with the wheel shaft 12 by any suitable drivlng means, such as a chain 16. The wheel is usually provided with a guard 17 to protect the 0 erator.

The specific construction of the w eel is shown in Figs. 3 to 7.

Mounted on the shaft or spindle 12 is a metal body member 18 which I call a plate although strictly speaking it is not a plate except that the outer portion 19 thereof which carriesthe grinding blocks is in effect a plate. This late portion '19 extends in a plane substantlally at right angles to the shaft and is a continuation of the rim portion 20 concentric withthe shaft. The individual grinding blocks are indicated at 21 and they are so constructed as to be adjustable radially of the wheel toward and from its axis of rotation to maintain the proper diameter of the wheel. I have shown a simple and effective construction for doing this although other constructions may suggest themselves to those skilled in the art. For this purpose the plate 19 is provided with a laterally projecting flange or rib 22 on the inner wall thereof and preferably closely adj acent the outer periphery of this plate.' Another plate or ring 23 is rovided on the op- DDSite sides of the grin ing blocks 21 and has a similar flange or rib 24, and this plate is secured to the opposite side of the rim portion 20 by suitable belts or studs 25. This plate or ring ma be'made in one piece or of a plurality 0 sections as desired. The (heads of these bolts are preferably countersunk into the plate so that they will not project beyond the surface thereof to leave projections. which might catch the clothing of the operator or other objects.

The individual grinding blocks 21 are provided on their opposite sides with a plurality of transverse grooves 26 spaced from each other and inwardly from the outer end 27 ofthe block. It is preferred to provide of a securing and clamping bolt 29 which also is secured to the plates 19 and 23. It is preferred that the ed e walls 30 extend substantially radially o the wheel and that they also be inclined to the plane of the side plates so that the joint 31 between two adacent blocks will be obli ue to the plane of the wheel, as shown in *ig. 4. The outer end 27 of the blocks are curved and form the periphery of the wheel which in the present case is used as the grinding surface. The

blocks are made of such a width as to leave a space between the individual blocks at the oint 31 as the wheel operates better with this construction, the space at the joint formmg a clearing space to allow chips to enter leaving the grinding surface free and unobstructed. To assist the bolts 25 and 29 to secure the plate 23 and hold the grinding blocks under centrifugal force, the rim portion 20 is provided with a shoulder 33 which is engaged by a flange 34 carried by the plate 33.

In operation it is intended that the wheel will be built u with the blocks in the position substantia 1y as shown in Figs. 3 and 4, that is, the plate 23 is removed by loosenin the nuts 32 and then the blocks are placed against the plate 19 with the flan e or rib 22 in the outer groove 26 indicate as groove (A). The plate 23 is then placed in position with its flange or rib 24in the corresponding groove (A) on the opposite side of the block and is clamped in position by the nuts 32. The wheel is now ready to be dressed and prepared for operation. When the projecting portions of the blocks have worndown to substantially the periphery of the plates 19 and 23 the plate 23 is again removed and the grinding blocks moved outwardly radially of the wheel with the flanges or ribs 22 and 24 in the next grooves (B), the clamping bolts 29 passing through the next opening 28. It Will then be apparent that another section of each block is projected beyond the eripheries of the plates and the wheel is o practically the same diameter as it was when originally built. When the wheel again wears down to practically the peripheries of these plates the operation is repeated until the flanges or ribs 22 and 24 are in the inner groove (D), as

shown in Fig. 5. Then after the projecting portions-of the blocks are worn down the remainder is discarded and new blocks are mounted in the wheel.

It will be apparent that with this construction practically the entire amount of grinding material may be employed for the grinding operation, and that only a small portion thereof must be discarded or wasted. Also that the diameter of the grinding surface of the wheel is maintained substantially constant so that there is very little -variation of the surface speed and it is not necessary to provide means for speedingup 7 practice.

thewheel as it wears down to maintain the proper surface speed. This is of especial importance Where individual electric drives are employed as is the tendency in modern A. C. motors for sixty cycle electrical power supplies can be secured only in windings which give speeds of 900,- 1200, 1800 or 3600 R. P. M. with none in between. Thus if a solid wheel is used, when it wears down we do not get the surface'speed required.

It is further to be noted that the grinding blocks are held closely adjacent the grinding surface so there is very little danger of the wheel breaking as is the case where, they are held only at a point adjacent the center of the wheel, which in a large wheel is at a considerable distance from the grinding surface. As the individual grinding blocks are of a relatively small mass it is a comparatively simple operation to make them of uniform hardness, as because of this relatively small mass a uniform heating may be secured in the heating operatio heating there is ver little breakage and, of course, if one block is broken in the kiln it is not necessary to discard the whole wheel as is the case where the wheel is made in one piece. This wheel can be built to practically any diameter desired, which is also a valuable feature. It is not practical to build solid emery wheels of too large a diameter for the reasons above noted. A diameter of about 30 inches is the limit.

Still further this construction simplifies the renewal. of the wheels in the grinding machine, thus greatly reducing the time in which the wheel must be out of operation for this purpose. The renewing operation is a very simple one merely involving the removal of the plate 23, removal of the Worn blocks, the insertion of new blocks, and then the replacing of the plate, all of which may be done without removing the wheel or its shaft from the machine, and thus no realigning'of the shaft is required.

Having thus set forth the nature of my invention, what I claim is:

1. A grinding wheel comprising spaced side plates, a plurality of grinding blocks mounted between said plates and having convex outer ends forming the peripheryof' the With this uniform plates adjacent the peripheries thereof and extending through the block, each block having a plurality of transverse openings for said bolt spaced from each other radiallyof the block with the outer opening in a section of the block which is eventually worn off in use.

2. A grinding wheel comprising spaced side plates having circular flanges on the opposed Walls thereof, a plurality of grinding blocks mounted between said plates and provided with spaced grooves on the side walls thereof to receive said flanges to determine the position of the blocks relative to the axis of rotation of the wheel and hold them in different radial positions, and means for clamping the plates against the sides of the blocks comprising a bolt for each block extending through the block and secured to the plates adjacent the peripheries thereof, each block having a plurality of transverse openings for said bolt spaced from each other radially of the block with the outer opening in a section of the block which is eventually worn off in use.

3. A grinding wheel comprising a side plate having a circular flange on one of the side walls thereof, a plurality of grinding blocks having a plurality of grooves in a s.de wall thereof and spaced from each other radially of the wheel, said grooves being of substantially the same radius. as said flange, and means for clamping said blocks against the sides of the plate with said flange in one.

5. A grinding wheel comprising spaced side plates each having a circular flange on the opposed sidewalls thereof, a plurality of grinding blocks mounted between said plates and provided with a a plurality of grooves on the opposite side walls thereof spaced radially of the wheel and of substantially the same radius as said flanges, the outer ends of the blocks being convex and forming the peripheryv of the wheel, the opposite edge plates to clamp the plates a ainst thesides of the blocks. b

walls of the blocks being inclined to the plane of the wheel, and means for securing the plates together and clamping them against the side walls of the bloc s with the flanges in certain of said grooves.

6. A grinding wheel comprising a side plate, a plurality of grinding blocks, each block being provided with a plurality of transverse grooves on a side wall thereof spaced from each other radially of the wheel, said plate being provided with a laterally extending flange adapted to extend in said grooves to hold the blocks in different radial positions on the plate, and means for clamping the blocks to the plate with the flange in any groove .desiredcomprising a bolt for each block secured to the plate adjacenttli'e periphery thereof and extending through the block, each block having a p urality of transverse openings for said bolt spaced from each other radially of the block with the outer opening in a section of the block which is eventually worn off in use.

7. A grinding wheel comprising a side plate having a circular flange on one of the side walls thereof, a plurality of grinding blocks having a plurality of grooves in a side wall thereof and spaced from each other radially of the wheel, a plate on the other side of the blocks, and means for clamping the blocks between the plates with said flange in one of the grooves, said means comprising a bolt extending through each block and secured to the plates adjacent the outer peripheries thereof, the blocks being each provided with a plurality of transverse openings spaced from each other radially of the block for passage of the bolts in different positions of the blocks, the outer opening being in a section of the block which is eventually worn off in use.

8. A grinding block forming a section only of a circular wheel, whose outer end is aconvex curve, the edge walls of which extend substantially radially of the curve, and which is provided with a plurality of transverse grooves in a side wall thereof spaced from each other radially of the said curve, said block being provided with a plurality said curve, and which grooves have substantially the same radius.

10. A grinding block whose outer end wall is a convex curve, whose edge walls extend substantially radially of said curve, and

whose side walls are provided with a plurality of transverse grooves spaced from each other radially of said curve, said block being rovided with a plurality of trans- Eolt openings therethrough spaced from each other radially of said curve and with the outer opening in a section of the block which is eventually worn ofi' in use.

11. A grinding wheel comprising spaced side plates, a plurality of grinding blocks mounted between said plates and having convex outer ends forming the periphery of the wheel, coacting means carried by the plates and blocks for securing said blocks at different distances from the axis of rotation of the wheel, and means for clamping the plates against the sides of the blocks comprising bolts secured to and extending between the plates adjacent the peripheries thereof.

12 A grinding wheel comprising spaced side plates having circular flanges on the opposed walls thereof, a plurality of grinding blocks mounted between said plates and provided with spaced grooves on the side walls thereof to receive said flanges to determine the position of the blocks relative to the axis of rotation of the wheel, and means for clamping the plates against the sides of the blocks in different radial positions comprising bolts secured to and extending between the plates adjacent the peripheries thereof.

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature.

ELWIN R. HYDE. 

